M&MA

Comparison between IPv4 options and IPv6 extension headers: Comparison               1 . The header length field is eliminated in IPv6 because the length of the header is fixed in this version. 2.The service type field is eliminated in IPv6. The priority and flow label fields together take over the function of the service type field. 3.The total length field is eliminated in IPv6 and replaced by the payload length field. 4.The identification, flag, and offset fields are eliminated from the base header in IPv6. They are included in the fragmentation extension header. 5.The TTL field is called hop limit in IPv6. 6.The protocol field is replaced by the next header field. 7.The header checksum is eliminated because the checksum is provided by upper-layer protocols; it is therefore not needed at this level. 8.The option fields in IPv4 are implemented as extension headers in IPv6.

Socket Programming: "An application programming interface (ATI) use for interprocess communication (IPC) . A well defined method of connecting two process locally or across a network it is protocol and language interdependent and often referred as Berkeley socket or BSD Socket."

Installation and configuration of DNS Server: "There are several applications in the application layer of the Internet model that follow  the client/server paradigm". The client/server programs can be divided into two categories: Client server DNS those that can be directly used by the user, such as e-mail, and those that support other  application programs.The Domain Name System (DNS) is a supporting program that  is used by other programs such as e-mail.

IIR Filter design Concept of filter design:     "Analog filters are designed using analog components like resistors (R), inductance (L) and capacitors (C).while digital filters are implemented using difference equations& can be done using C or assembly language we can easily change the algorithm so we can easily change the filter characteristics according to our requirement".

How Mobile Network works with GMSK  Modulation Technique ? Answer: "Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying or Gaussian filtered Minimum Shift Keying, GMSK is the form of modulation with no phase discontinuities & it is used for data transmission due to efficient spectrum usage." GMSK Introduction : MSK modulation

E-Shape Microstrip Patch Antenna for Pervasive  Wireless Communication at 14GHz (Ku Band): "Changing the shape of antenna will result in changed Radiation pattern so as to improve or locate required area changes in the conductive part of antenna should be done".

Comparison of QPSK and QASK comparison of QPSK and QASK Quadrature Amplitude Shift Keying (QASK), Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK).